Francisco UrdinezENES中文CV ↓
International Political Economy

I study China’s economic footprint in Latin America and what it does to politics there.

I am an Associate Professor at the Institute of Political Science of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, where I direct the Center of Asian Studies. I also direct ICLAC, a Millennium Nucleus funded by Chile’s National Agency for Research and Development, which studies the impacts of China across Latin America and the Caribbean.

What I am really trying to measure is slippery: what a country gains politically when it lends, invests or trades. In Latin America the answer has been less than either Beijing or Washington assumes. China filled a space the United States had walked out of, and gained influence it never set out to take. I work with observational data, survey experiments and datasets I build myself, and I teach quantitative methods. In 2021 I testified before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission of the United States Congress.

Francisco Urdinez

Books

Economic DisplacementDesplazamiento económicoPolitical Data Science Using R

Economic Displacement: China and the End of US Primacy in Latin America

Cambridge University Press, 2026 · 257 pp. · ISBN 9781009672245

Between 2001 and 2020 China filled an economic space the United States had vacated. The loss of US influence that followed was not the product of a Chinese grand strategy: it was American retrenchment meeting Latin American demand. I call this economic displacement — influence lost without anyone setting out to take it.

  • The argument

    Power is relational. What matters is not how much China gives, but how much less indispensable Washington becomes once an alternative exists.
  • The measure

    A new operationalization of economic statecraft that treats displacement as unintentional and takes host-country agency seriously, rather than reading every Chinese loan as a bid for leverage.
  • The evidence

    Trade, FDI and lending data for the region, 2001–2020; original public opinion and elite surveys; UN voting; and case studies of Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Venezuela.

Desplazamiento económico: China y el fin de la primacía estadounidense en América Latina

Ariel · Grupo Planeta, 2026 · Spanish edition

The Spanish edition of Economic Displacement, published by Ariel for Latin American readers. The same thesis, written for people who live inside the phenomenon the book measures.

Political Data Science Using R: A Practical Guide

Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2020 · The R Series · edited with Andrés Cruz

An open-access textbook that teaches political scientists to work in R with political data, from cleaning and visualization through regression, causal inference, text analysis and maps. Every chapter is reproducible and written by researchers working on Latin American cases.

Conversations about the book
Feb 2026
Pekingology, CSISpodcast
China’s growing influence in Latin America
Feb 2026
U.S.-China Perception Monitor
How China displaced the United States in Latin America
Oct 2025
The China-Global South Projectpodcast
Economic displacement in Latin America
Nov 2025
Centro de Extensión Alameda UCSantiago
With Umut Aydin and Gloria de la Fuente

Research

Almost everything I have written comes back to one of three questions. Each entry links to the published version.

I

Does Chinese economic engagement erode US influence?

Whether money buys standing, and how you would know if it did.

2023
Urdinez, F. “Undermining US reputation: Chinese vaccines and aid and the alternative provision of public goods during COVID-19.” The Review of International Organizations 19(2), 243–268. DOI
2019
Knoerich, J. & Urdinez, F. “Contesting contested multilateralism: why the West joined the rest in founding the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.” The Chinese Journal of International Politics 12(3), 333–370. DOI
2018
Duanmu, J.L. & Urdinez, F. “The dissuasive effect of US political influence on Chinese FDI during the ‘Going Global’ policy era.” Business and Politics 20(1), 38–69. DOI
2022
Telias, D. & Urdinez, F. “China’s foreign aid political drivers: lessons from a novel dataset of mask diplomacy in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic.” Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 51(1), 108–136. DOI
2016
Urdinez, F., Mouron, F., Schenoni, L. & de Oliveira, A.J. “Chinese economic statecraft and US hegemony in Latin America: an empirical analysis, 2003–2014.” Latin American Politics and Society 58(4), 3–30. DOI
II

How does exposure to China change domestic politics?

What a trade shock does to a voter, a legislator, a mayor.

2024
Giraudy, A., Urdinez, F. & Freites, A. “Digging deeper: unpacking the subnational political drivers of Chinese extractive investment in Latin America.” The Extractive Industries and Society 20, 101555. DOI
2023
Urdinez, F. “‘They own our country!’ Voter reaction to anti-China rhetoric: the case of the presidential election in Brazil in 2018.” Electoral Studies 86, 102708. DOI
2021
Campello, D. & Urdinez, F. “Voter and legislator responses to localized trade shocks from China in Brazil.” Comparative Political Studies 54(7), 1131–1162. DOI
2018
Urdinez, F., Knoerich, J. & Ribeiro, P.F. “Don’t cry for me ‘Argenchina’: unraveling political views of China through legislative debates in Argentina.” Journal of Chinese Political Science 23(2), 235–256. DOI
III

Where do small states align, and at what price?

Diplomatic recognition and UN votes are where a country’s calculation finally shows.

2023
Pauselli, G., Urdinez, F. & Merke, F. “Shaping the liberal international order from the inside: a natural experiment on China’s influence in the UN Human Rights Council.” Research & Politics 10(3). DOI
2022
Agostinis, G. & Urdinez, F. “The nexus between authoritarian and environmental regionalism: China’s driving role in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.” Problems of Post-Communism 69(4–5), 436–443. DOI
2022
Gachúz Maya, J.C. & Urdinez, F. “Geopolitics and geoeconomics in China-Latin American relations in the context of the US-China trade war and the COVID-19 pandemic.” Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 51(1), 3–12. DOI
2021
Long, T. & Urdinez, F. “Status at the margins: why Paraguay recognizes Taiwan and shuns China.” Foreign Policy Analysis 17(1), oraa002. DOI
2020
Urdinez, F. “The accession of Latin American countries to the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: lessons from Brazil and Chile.” Asian Education and Development Studies 10(3), 374–385. DOI
2020
Serrano Moreno, J.E., Telias, D. & Urdinez, F. “Deconstructing the Belt and Road Initiative in Latin America.” Asian Education and Development Studies 10(3), 337–347. DOI
Elsewhere
2021
Altman, D., Rojas-de-Galarreta, F. & Urdinez, F. “An interactive model of democratic peace.” Journal of Peace Research 58(3), 384–398. DOI Real de Azúa Prize
2021
Ribeiro, P.F., Burian, C.L. & Urdinez, F. “Legislative behavior, mass media, and foreign policy making: the case of Paraguay.” Latin American Research Review 56(2). DOI
2019
Rodrigues, P., Urdinez, F. & de Oliveira, A. “Measuring international engagement: systemic and domestic factors in Brazilian foreign policy from 1998 to 2014.” Foreign Policy Analysis 15(3), 370–391. DOI
2017
Jenne, N., Schenoni, L.L. & Urdinez, F. “Of words and deeds: Latin American declaratory regionalism, 1994–2014.” Cambridge Review of International Affairs 30(2–3), 195–215. DOI
In progress

Fondecyt Regular 1260087 (2026–2030) extends the displacement argument beyond Latin America and asks whether the same mechanism operates where the United States never held primacy to begin with. The ICLAC nucleus, renewed through 2028, runs the regional data collection behind it.

Complete list — 30 refereed articles and 6 book chapters — on ORCiD and Google Scholar.

Data and code

Replication materials

Data and code for every published article, deposited on Harvard Dataverse and linked from the paper itself.

Harvard Dataverse

Chinese Mask Diplomacy Dataset

Every recorded shipment of Chinese medical aid to Latin America during the pandemic, coded by donor, recipient and channel. Built with Diego Telias.

2020–2021 · 33 countries

Brazilian Foreign Policy Index

An annual measure of Brazil’s international engagement combining diplomatic, economic and institutional indicators. With Pietro Rodrigues and Amancio de Oliveira.

1998–2014 · annual series

Political Data Science Using R

Open-access textbook with reproducible chapters and a companion R package, free to read online. Edited with Andrés Cruz.

Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2020

ICLAC

The Millennium Nucleus I direct: working papers, a regional survey programme, and datasets on China’s footprint across the Americas.

ANID Millennium Nucleus

CV source

The LaTeX source of my curriculum vitae, version-controlled and public. Fork it if the template is useful to you.

GitHub

Policy work

Regional repository · ICLAC

Chinese Investments in Latin America

325Investments
164.3US$ bn tracked
1997–2025Coverage
Free & open access · ES / EN / 中文

An interactive map of every recorded Chinese investment in the region, filterable by country, year, sector, ownership and entry mode, with case studies attached to individual projects. Built and maintained by ICLAC with regional partners.

Subnational Politics Project

Institutions and elections below the national level

~87Subnational units
3Federal countries
40+Years of data
Hosted on Harvard Dataverse · free & open access

Systematic, transparent and publicly accessible data on subnational political institutions and electoral outcomes across Latin America — the infrastructure behind the subnational strand of my research on where Chinese investment actually lands.

Policy briefs I have written
Una exploración al lobby chino en Chile
Policy Paper Nº 7 · 2026Una exploración al lobby chino en ChileWith Daniel Alcatruz
Monitor de Opinión Pública 2023: ¿qué piensan los chilenos sobre China?
Policy Paper Nº 3 · 2024Monitor de Opinión Pública 2023: ¿qué piensan los chilenos sobre China?With Nicole Jenne, Claudia Labarca, María Montt
From the nucleus I direct
Consulting and advisory
2024–2026
Member, Legislator-Expert Forum, Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China (IPAC)
2024
Report on geopolitical and economic fragmentation for Chile’s National Council of Science, Technology, Knowledge and Innovation
2020
Benchmark of talent visas for the Pacific Alliance
2018
Strategic Planning Directorate, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Chile

Teaching and advising

Institute of Political Science, UC Chile.

ICP0351
Institutional and Socioeconomic Development of Asia — undergraduate, 2024–
ICP0327
Introduction to International Political Economy — undergraduate, 2017–
ICP5425
International Relations between China and Latin America — master, 2018–
ICP5868
International Political Economy — doctorate, 2019–
ICP5929
Quantitative Methods II — doctorate, 2017–
ICP1457
Research Seminar I & II — doctorate, 2020–
Doctoral dissertations supervised — all defended
2023–2026
Andrea Freites — UC Chile, thesis director
2023–
Luciano Quispe — UC Chile, thesis director
2021–2024
Nerea Palma — UC Chile, co-director
Dissertation committees
UC Chile
Diego Telias
Boston U.
Zara Albright
King’s College
Daniel Benson
Essex
Rodrigo Moura de Araujo Faria
San Andrés
Patricio Yamin

I have supervised 26 undergraduate theses since 2017. Prospective doctoral students working on China, economic statecraft or Latin American foreign policy are welcome to write before applying — a short note about your question is more useful to me than a CV.

Selected talks and testimony

Rooms where the findings had to survive contact with practitioners.

2021
U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, United States Congress. Hearing on “China in Latin America and the Caribbean.” Washington DC. Testimony
2024
US-China Business Council. China’s expanding influence in Latin America: what does it mean for US businesses?
2024
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Reimagining global economic governance: beyond neoliberalism. Bogotá.
2023
Brookings Institution. The future of the US-Brazil relationship. Washington DC.
2023
National Committee on U.S.-China Relations. China-Latin American relations. Washington DC.
2023
CEPAL. El triángulo del litio y la geopolítica de los minerales críticos. Santiago.
2023
Amherst College. Undermining US reputation: Chinese vaccines and the provision of public goods.
2022
RAND Corporation. Energy integration and Chinese investment in Latin America’s power sector.
2022
Centre on Asia and Globalisation, Singapore. Chinese engagement in Latin America and Southeast Asia.
2021
Wilson Center. Roundtable on Chinese finance in Latin America. Washington DC.
2026
Tecnológico de Monterrey. Economic Displacement book presentation. Mexico.

Available for lectures and panels in Spanish, English and Portuguese, in person or remotely. Write to me.

Press

For journalists

I give interviews in Spanish, English and Portuguese, and I usually answer the same day. These are the subjects where I have the numbers to back what I say:

  • Chinese investment, lending and trade in Latin America — what the numbers actually show
  • US-China competition in the region, and what displacement means for Washington
  • Taiwan’s remaining diplomatic allies in the Americas, especially Paraguay
  • Public opinion on China across Latin America, from original surveys
  • Critical minerals, lithium and Chinese participation in energy infrastructure
Written by me
Dec 2025
Al JazeeraQatar
Will China come to Venezuela’s rescue?
Feb 2026
U.S.-China Perception MonitorUS
How China displaced the United States in Latin America
Oct 2023
Americas QuarterlyUS
Boric needs to tread smartly on his first visit to China
Oct 2022
Foreign PolicyUS
What Xi’s third term means for Latin America
2021
Carnegie EndowmentUS
China’s improvised mask diplomacy in Chile
May 2020
Americas QuarterlyUS
Taiwan’s last stand in South America
2018
The Conversationglobal
Trade war could chill China’s growing investment in the US economy
Interviewed and quoted
Jan 2026
The New York TimesUS
Trump is making a power play in Latin America. China is already there.
Feb 2026
La VanguardiaSpain
Urdinez: “China ha ocupado el sitio de EE.UU. en Latinoamérica”
Feb 2026
Folha de S.PauloBrazil
Aos EUA só resta a força para superar a China na América Latina
Mar 2026
El PaísSpain
El peso comercial de China en Chile anticipa presiones sobre Kast
Mar 2026
Al JazeeraQatar
In a bid to counter China, Trump hosts a summit for Latin America leaders
Oct 2025
Bloomberg OpinionUS
The US and Mexico have a bigger China problem than they think
May 2025
China DailyChina
On China-CELAC cooperation
Jan 2026
South China Morning PostHong Kong
Open Questions: how Venezuela tests China’s economic advance in Latin America
Dec 2025
Dialogue EarthUK
Balancing between China and the US will be increasingly difficult
Nov 2025
elDiarioARArgentina
Mantener el equilibrio entre China y Estados Unidos será cada vez más difícil
Dec 2024
South China Morning PostHong Kong
Donald Trump’s choice of Marco Rubio
Nov 2024
TagesspiegelGermany
Superpuerto ‘Made in China’: el alcance del control de Xi Jinping en Sudamérica
Sep 2024
Diario FinancieroChile
Con Perú como base, China aumenta su peso en Latinoamérica
Aug 2024
El MercurioChile
China incrementa su influencia en América Latina a través de inversiones estratégicas
Jul 2024
The EconomistUK
Paraguay y Taiwán refuerzan su alianza en medio de tensiones regionales
Apr 2024
BloombergUS
Giving up China is hard, even for Argentina’s anarcho-capitalist
Mar 2024
El PaísUruguay
Una “tormenta perfecta” golpea a China: ¿puede impactar en Uruguay su crisis económica?
Nov 2023
Valor EconômicoBrazil
Pragmatismo deve imperar na relação com a China
Apr 2023
The Japan TimesJapan
As Paraguay picks a president, ties with Taiwan loom large
Apr 2023
United States Institute of PeaceUS
Brazil’s economic ties with China flourish despite political shifts
Sep 2022
Financial TimesUK
Paraguay calls for Taiwan to invest $1bn to remain allies
Oct 2022
DWGermany
Will Taiwan lose another diplomatic ally to China?
Apr 2021
BBC News MundoUK
Cómo Paraguay quedó atrapado en la histórica pelea entre Taiwán y China
Dec 2020
BloombergUS
Chilean lawmakers push for restrictions on Chinese buying spree

Complete record, 2019–2026, in the CV.

Contact

furdinez@uc.cl · (+56) 22354 7826
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago de Chile